Some databases contain scholarly journals, exclusively. Others have a mix of scholarly journals, popular magazines, newspapers and other material. In most databases, you can limit your search to scholarly (peer-reviewed) journals.
Because these are topics that cross multiple disciplines or explore problems from multiple disciplinary perspectives, I have listed databases in the humanities, the social sciences, and health sciences. Though academic journal articles covering these issues can be found in resources from virtually all subject areas, the databases (general and specialized) below are some of the best places to start for your topic(s).